| Workshops |
| Sunday, 28 April 13:30 - 17:00 |
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WORKSHOP 1 Description: The demand for more
bandwidth in the metropolitan area is associated with anticipation of
mixtures of new services and customers which are largely unpredictable
(data, voice and video over numerous technologies, such as POT, CATV,
IP, DSL, Ethernet, FDDI, ESCON, Fiber channel, Gigabit Ethernet, Frame
Relay, ATM and SONET). In principle, the demand for more bandwidth can
be met by optical networking. However, the uncertainty in the relative
mix of broadband applications and services dictates that the optical system
of choice be exceptionally flexible in regards to data formats and bit
rates. Also, future metro systems have to involve smart MAC mechanisms
and dynamic provisioning and reconfiguration capabilities. Hence, substantial
changes, at both the node level and the network level, are needed in the
metro environment. Previous solutions, which tried to adapt long haul
optical technologies, have fallen well short of expectations. This is
due to the fact that the metro requirements are fundamentally different
from their long-haul counterparts. Passive optical networks (PONs), Ethernet
MANs (EMANs), Next-Generation SONET, Metro WDM and others are candidate
technologies for the Metro area of today and tomorrow. Session
1: Session
2: Session
3: Session
4: Coffee break
Session
5: Session
6: Session
7: Panel
Discussion Introduction to the workshop: An overview of the program, how it is structured, presentations and speakers. Tarek S. El-Bawab is currently the Project Manager of the optical networking project of the Network Strategy Group (NSG) in Alcatel. His areas of research interest include optical networks and WDM, network architectures, performance analysis, and next-generation switching/routing. He has more than 18 years of experience in the arena of communication systems and networks. Prior to his appointment at Alcatel NSG, Tarek was in charge of telecommunication networks (design and implementation) in Greater Cairo Metro projects. Then, he became a system design engineer with Dar Al-Handasah Consultants. Finally, he has been working in optical-networking and WDM research in a number of institutions including the Department of Electronic Systems Engineering at the University of Essex (UK), the Department of Electrical Engineering at Colorado State University and then with Alcatel-USA Research and Innovation (Corporate Research Center). Dr El-Bawab has numerous publications in the field. He served as member of technical committees and chair in a number of IEEE/SPIE workshops/conferences. He is a Senior IEEE member and a member of the IEEE communication society, computer society, electron device society and Lasers and Electro-Optics society. He has a B.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from Ain Shams University, Egypt, an M.Sc. in Solid State Science from the American University in Cairo, an M.Sc. in Telecommunications and Information Systems from the University of Essex, U.K., and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Colorado State University, U.S.A. Key Issues in Future Optical Access Networks: Optical access networks will be able to deliver new, higher speed services to customers. In this talk, we address optical access network architectures for both residential and business access. It is argued that PONs (Passive Optical Networks) are the most efficient access networks for residential deployments. In these applications, the customer demand for data is far less than the intrinsic bandwidth of fiber and efficiency is gained by sharing the distribution fiber among multiple customers. Key issues discussed include the layer 2 protocol used in the PON (ATM, Ethernet), how video is supported, power back up and the economics of PON deployment. Optical access networks to serve businesses have to support both leased line and switched data services. Leased line services include services such as T1, T3 and SONET services but are migrating towards wavelength-based services; the key challenges of managing wavelength-based services will be described. For switched data services, Optical Ethernet (OE) has emerged as an alternative to ATM and frame relay as a carrier layer 2 networking technology. Combining Ethernet’s ease of use as found in the LAN environment with optical solutions to allow transmission from a customer’s location to a serving central office, OE has the potential to dramatically lower carrier costs while providing higher bandwidth services to customers. Key issues of scaling, quality of service, and management of metro Ethernet networks will be reviewed. Overall, the access network architectures that can be used to support both leased line and Ethernet services will be discussed. Ralph Ballart is Vice President, Broadband Infrastructure and Services, with SBC Technology Resources, Inc. Ralph’s organization leads SBC’s studies of new broadband technologies. It is responsible for network architecture analysis and requirements development for access transport (xDSL, DLC, FTTHome, next generation optical terminals), interoffice transport (SONET, metro WDM), and broadband switching systems (ATM, frame, Ethernet, routers). The organization also tests these systems and develops needed engineering guidelines. Ralph is based in Pleasanton, CA. Previously, Ralph was responsible for TRI’s work in the areas of broadband access systems and testing. Ralph initiated SBC’s work on BPON (broadband passive optical networks) for small business fiber access and his group helped support the engineering and economic studies that led to SBC’s "Project Pronto." While with Telesis Technologies Lab, Ralph’s group initiated PacTel’s work on ADSL, WDM and wireless cable (MMDS). Ralph has a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Arizona and began his career with Bell Laboratories in the Transmission Systems Engineering Lab in 1980. He joined Bellcore in 1984 and was promoted to Director in 1985. While at Bellcore, Ralph wrote the first contribution proposing SONET for standardization in the ITU and his group made several fundamental engineering contributions to the development of SONET. Ralph’s groups also worked on ATM, n x 64 kbps switching capabilities, and FITL and HFC access transport systems. Ralph joined PacTel in 1994 and SBC TRI in 1997. Requirements for Metro Regional Optical Transport Networks: Between the bulk transport and switching requirements of the core transport network, and the multi-service aggregation requirements of the metro access transport network, lies the metro regional transport network space, with a unique set of requirements for efficient multi-service traffic distribution. Emerging applications dictate the need for the following features in next generation regional optical transport networks: flexible and programmable ("SONET/SDH-like) wavelength add/drop, freeing the network from the tyranny of fixed add/drop solutions; the use of standard - and widely applicable - framing techniques, such as SONET/SDH, to support both "bread and butter" legacy services and emerging data over transport services; "judicious" layer and interface reduction, combining wavelength services with "TDM on a wavelength" applications; mix & match optical/transport layer protection options for support of an increasingly wide variety of SLAs and traffic patterns; 10Gb/s optimized solutions, for 10GbE and 10 Gb/s data over transport applications; and distributed (GMPLS/ASON-based) control planes, appropriately integrated with embedded network management systems. These next generation solutions must - while supporting a large menu of enhanced features - lead to a reduction first and foremost in capital expense, as well as operational expense and service turn-up time. Finally, given the state of marketplace, these next generation solutions must lessen the degree to which a "paradigm shift" is required to support new services. In other words, they must allow for the creation of new revenue-generating services that, to the extent possible, leverage the existing network infrastructure and have minimal impact on operating procedures, rather than require a wholesale replacement of a carrier's network infrastructure. This presentation will focus on the unique carrier needs and requirements for regional optical networking, based on the wide variety of services - existing ("legacy") and emerging - along with the networking protocols and framing techniques to be supported. Paul Bonenfant (paul@photuris.com) serves as Chief Architect at Photuris, Inc. His experience spans SONET/SDH, WDM, and Optical Networking transport architecture, product evolution planning, network survivability, and associated global standards development. Before joining Photuris, Paul served as a business development manager for Mergers and Acquisitions in Lucent's Optical Networking Group, and led a group responsible for optical network architecture evolution at Bell Laboratories. Prior to joining Lucent, he led requirements and standards development for SONET/SDH self-healing rings and dense WDM systems at Bell Communications Research (Bellcore, now Telcordia). Paul holds a BS degree in Engineering and Applied Science, and an MS degree in Electrical Engineering, both from the California Institute of Technology. Towards data-optimized optical metro networks: As metropolitan networks attract more and more attention, two technological trends will gain momentum in the next few years, to support their evolution towards a service-driven highly dynamic architecture. On one hand, the cost reduction of long reach optics paves the way to the introduction of an optical metro transport infrastructure, providing flexible and transparent wavelength provisioning and restoration services for carriers' networks internal needs as well as for their larger customers. On the other hand, new packet-based services will emerge as carriers will use them to attract smaller business customers with more flexible " pay-what-you-need " solutions. The presentation will therefore discuss the merits of this evolution from current SONET centric, highly hierarchical, opaque architecture, to a dynamic more transport efficient architecture. It will also address the technology hurdles that will have to be overcome to support this evolution, and describe some of the implementation solutions: As regards optics, low-cost optical collector tings with high degree of dynamicism, scalable waveband-switched metro-core ring and mesh. As regards packet technologies, a comprehensive layer-2 approach, relying as much as possible on ''Enhanced'' Ethernet features, so as to offer carrier-grade performance as regards to service differentiation and guarantees, protection, traffic engineering and scalability at low cost. Rajiv Shah is Vice President of Research & Network Strategy at Alcatel, and Location Director of the CTO Location in Plano, Texas. Prior to his appointment to this position in April 2001, Rajiv was with MCI Worldcom for five years, where, most recently, he headed up Network Architecture and Design activities and managed a group that performed cost and traffic modeling of core, metro and access networks. His team was responsible for the trade-off analyses of various restoration architectures for future evolution of networks utilizing advanced technologies, and also for business case comparisons between DSL, Cable Modems and Fixed Wireless. Prior to that, he headed up wireless technology strategy and was heavily involved in several corporate-level due-diligence activities of various potential merger and acquisition candidates in the wireless arena. Before joining Worldcom, Rajiv spent seventeen years at Texas Instruments, where, over the years, he headed up research and process and product development teams and activities in the areas of laser processing, CMOS, BiCMOS, and FPGAs. His research years resulted in over 50 external publications and over 25 patents. Later he was also responsible for strategic planning and managing business development activities in the area of communications and electronic systems, focusing on phased arrays for mobile wireless and LEO satellites, and LMDS/MMDS for fixed wireless access. Rajiv has a B. Sc. in Physics from India and MS and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Rice University, Houston, Texas, where he specialized in lasers, non-linear optics, quantum electronics and solid-sate physics. He was on the Faculty of the California Institute of Technology [Caltech] as a Dr. Chaim Weizmann Post Doctoral Research Fellow for a little over two years, prior to joining Texas Instruments. During his career at Texas Instruments, Rajiv also received an Executive MBA from the Southern Methodist University [SMU] in Dallas, Texas. The State-of-the-Art of Passive Optical Networks: Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) has been a dream of access networks for over a decade. Initially, there were isolated field trials that were costly and were little more than technology demonstrations. Next came small-scale live deployments in niche markets (e.g. traditionally under-served rural markets). These were all based on proprietary protocols, most of which were based on RF broadband signaling. In 1998, ITU-T adopted the first standard for passive optical networks (G.983.1). This standard employed baseband signaling also known as on-off-keying or OOK. This was significant because it allowed PON vendors to take advantage of low-cost digital electronics. By 2001, the cost of FTTH equipment had dropped to where it was comparable with the cost of competing technologies such as HFC and VDSL. Today we are in the midst of an explosion in the growth in the numbers of FTTH deployments. Projections vary but it is not unreasonable to assume that 20,000 homes will be served by FTTH by the end of 2002 with that number doubling every six months going forward. This presentation will discuss the state-of-the-art in the technology of passive optical networks. Following a brief PON tutorial, this talk will present an in-depth description and explanation of the design decisions behind PON optics and electronics. Finally, a look at the future of PONs and a list of the unresolved design choices will be presented. David Cleary is Director of Advanced Technology with Optical Solutions, Inc. He is responsible for identifying new and emerging technologies that will lower cost and improve performance of PONs. He represents Optical Solutions at international standards bodies and serves as the company's liaison to media and industry analysts. He has a Ph.D. in Astrophysics from the University of Colorado and was awarded a National Research Council Post-Doctoral Fellowship. Dr. Cleary has over 20 years of experience in the field of electro-optics. Before joining Optical Solutions, he spent 11 years as a professor of physics at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA. Dr. Cleary joined Optical Solutions in August 2000 as Director of Network Development. In that position he was responsible for development of the physical layer optics and transport layer of the FiberPathâ 400 fiber-to-the-home system. Ethernet Beyond the LAN: Ethernet has competed so effectively against other LAN technologies that we now find it dominating the LAN market space. The only technology on the horizon ready to compete with Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) in the LAN is IEEE 802.11, known in WiFi circles as "Wireless Ethernet". In the meantime, Ethernet has extended its application well beyond the LAN. At the time Gigabit Ethernet was defined, it included continued support for the CSMA/CD mode of the MAC. At that time, this was thought to be the defining characteristic of Ethernet. However, the industry implemented the full duplex mode almost exclusively, which enabled Gigabit Ethernet applications to operate beyond the newly extended specification of 5 km. 40 and 100 km link. Implementations of Gigabit Ethernet, while not mainstream, are not uncommon. In Canada, there is a national Gigabit Ethernet backbone in operation. Several companies in the US began operation as Ethernet Service Providers. During the 10 Gigabit Ethernet project, IEEE 802.3ae converted this virtually covert activity into a codified solution. Adding specified link support to 40 km and anticipating 100 km proprietary implementations and a "WAN" PHY that will output a SONET/SDH compliant bit stream for unmodified injection into legacy WAN infrastructure, Ethernet distance limitations are fully resolved. In fact, there is no reason to believe that the "LAN" PHY can’t operate over future "all optical networks" over equivalent distances. While the 10 Gigabit Ethernet project comes to completion, IEEE 802.3 has spun up the "Ethernet in the First Mile" project (IEEE 802.3ah). Here, we see objectives to add operations, administration, maintenance (OAM), EDSL, optical Point-to-Point and Point-to-Multipoint to the Ethernet base. While market success is far from ensured in these new segments, many are betting that Ethernet’s simplicity, interoperability (plug-N-play), extensive management experience base, low cost of ownership (both CAPEX and OPEX) and nearly ubiquitous support will catapult them to undisputed leadership in these new market segments. Jonathan Thatcher is Principal Engineer for World Wide Packets. He has over 16 years experience in a variety of engineering, product marketing and technology leadership roles. Mr. Thatcher joined World Wide Packets from Picolight, an optical transceiver company in Boulder, Colo., where he served as Vice President of Product Marketing. Prior to Picolight, Mr. Thatcher held numerous engineering and marketing positions with IBM including analog and digital hardware, firmware, Artificial Intelligence, and database design and development. He also led the marketing for IBM's optical transceiver group. Since March 1999, Mr. Thatcher has served as the chair of the IEEE P802.3ae, 10 Gigabit Ethernet Task Force. During the IEEE 802.3z, Gigabit Ethernet effort, he served as a sub-task force chair and editor for the PMD clauses, for which he received the 1998 Outstanding Contributor Award. Mr. Thatcher was also one of the authors for the Fibre Channel PHY and has participated in numerous other ad-hoc standards. Mr. Thatcher attended the University of Minnesota where he simultaneously studied graduate level courses in Electrical Engineering and Mandarin Chinese. Is There a Role for Optical CDMA in Metro Access Networks?: Optical code-division multiple-access (O-CDMA) was first proposed in the mid 1980s as a way to share the vast bandwidth of optical fiber in an asynchronous, fair manner. Fifteen years later, O-CDMA remains a laboratory curiosity, while competing technologies such as wavelength-division multiple-access (WDMA) are deployed. We seek to clarify and examine critically the barriers that have limited the success of optical CDMA and discuss the role of optical CDMA in future metro architectures. By providing a unique channel for every user on the network, O-CDMA can eliminate channel contention and ensure fairness. Codes may be tailored to available hardware: if more users must be supported on a system with a fixed wavelength channel count, more coding can be performed in the time domain. A large, dynamic, user base may thus be supported with a minimum of hardware upgrades. An O-CDMA network can operate without the need for a global clock signal. Near-orthogonality of codes allows network control to be distributed rather than centralized. Adapting codes to channel conditions, or providing multi-rate codes, enables service differentiation at the physical layer. The drawbacks to O-CDMA, obviously, outweigh the benefits since the technology is not widely deployed. The optical channel is by its nature unipolar, requiring more spreading in optical CDMA networks than in comparable wireless CDMA systems. Cumulative shot and optical beat noise degrade detected signals. Optical CDMA has hitherto been demonstrated using mainly exotic optical components, rendering the scheme itself exotic, more suited for the laboratory than a metro access network. Finally, optical CDMA is often judged with reference to managed WDM backbone systems. O-CDMA systems are able to support a very large user base (potentially in the thousands), but there is a probability that the BER may be much higher than the optical networking community is accustomed to (in the range of 10-6 to 10-9). In certain access networks, the large user base together with robust, flexible operation provided by O-CDMA may outweigh the raw BER. The success of WDM backbone systems has tilted this decision towards low BER. Andrew Stok received a B. Sc. Degree in engineering physics form Queen's University at Kingston, Canada in 1998. In March 2000, he received an M. A. Sc. degree in photonics from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Toronto. He is currently pursuing a Ph. D. degree in photonics from the same department. His research interests are focused on both the theory and practice of optical code-division multiple-access networks. Ted Sargent (Edward H. Sargent) holds the Nortel Networks – Canada Research Chair in Emerging Technologies at the University of Toronto. In 2002 he won the IEEE Canada Outstanding Engineer Award for "groundbreaking research in applying new phenomena and materials from nanotechnology towards transforming fibre-optic communications systems into agile optical networks." In 2001 the Canada Research Chairs Foundation wrote that Ted Sargent has "...shown that a new kind of photonic macrocrystal—one which harnesses nature’s underlying drive toward symmetry—will transform how communication networks are built. He has also developed the photonic heterostructure." In 1999 Canada's Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council award Ted Sargent its Silver Medal, writing in its citation: "This work shed light for the very first time on the essential physical mechanisms that underlie the operation of the lateral current laser. The groundbreaking research proved that it is possible to build and interconnect these laser devices using standard semiconductor fabrication techniques, thereby opening up an avenue for making laser light the driving force of future microchips." The Switzerland-based Chorafas Foundation, which awards scientific prizes worldwide for outstanding research in the engineering sciences, humanities and social sciences, medicine, and the natural science, wrote: "Dr. Sargent proved that it is possible to harness the combined power of photons and electrons to make new, integrated, functionally sophisticated devices and circuits to enable the fibre-optic networks of the future." Prof. Sargent recently co-organized the Photonic Networks Symposium at IEEE Globecom and the first Canada-France Conference on Molecular Photonics and Plastic Electronics
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| Thursday, 2 May, 8:30 - 17:00 |
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WORKSHOP 2 Hundreds of millions of owners of digital cameras, camcorders, personal digital assistants, notebook computers, and cell phones are acutely aware that conservation of battery energy is a major challenge in portable information devices. Under the heading of wireless Internet, almost every day brings news of a new item on the market that merges two or more of these devices. With this convergence, energy management is becoming critical and complex particularly when integrating video signal processing with mobile communications and networking. The IMPACCT workshop will focus on integrated energy management in portable multimedia communications devices beyond low-power electronic design by identifying hooks/controls that are required at various levels. The workshop will be a forum for presenting theoretical and simulation studies, field measurements, algorithm development and experimental test beds related to low power computing, mobile communication and networking. The workshop will foster integrative power optimization studies that jointly consider computing, communications and networking. Session
1: Session
2: Break Session
3: Lunch Break
Session
4: Break G Sinevriotis, T Stouraitis,
University of Patras, Greece |
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WORKSHOP 3 The purpose of the workshop is to provide a forum for discussion and exchange of ideas concerning computer-aided modeling, analysis and design (CAMAD) techniques and tools relating to communication links, protocols and networks. The workshop will include both invited talks and contributed ones. It will address network-level as well as transmission-level topics in the following areas: simulation and theoretical performance analysis techniques; CAMAD tools for communication systems; and instructive case studies of specific systems. A proceedings of the speakers’ contributed abstracts and presentation slides will be made available. This workshop will be of interest to academicians as well as industry people, including simulation practitioners, communication systems designers, network planners, telecommunications engineers, simulation theorists and simulation users alike. Session
1: Session
2: Session
3: Session
4: |